VO2max refers to the maximum amount of oxygen that a person can utilise during intense or maximal ex
VO2max refers to the maximum amount of oxygen that a person can utilize during intense or maximal exercise. VO2max is a good indicator of the individual’s level of fitness, and is commonly measured as millilitres of oxygen utilized in one minute, per kilogram of body weight (ml/kg/min). The VO2max is the result of the body ability to transport and utilize oxygen for production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). More specifically, the gaseous exchange occurs in the lungs, and the cardiovascular system transports and delivers the oxygen to the working musculature, subsequently the oxygen is utilized to produce ATP in the cellar respiration, which takes place in the mitochondria. Thus, VO2max is an index of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular aerobic power. Typically elite endurance athletes have higher VO2max values and are able to perform at higher intensity exercise, compared to individuals not well conditioned. A number of studies suggested that VO2max is related to the cardiac output, and the variations within individuals are related particularly to the stroke volume. Both cardiac output and stroke volume values are higher in elite athletes. Exercise training programmes that are designed to improve VO2Max should involve the large muscle groups and be rhythmical in nature, such as running. The intensity of the exercise should increase the heart rate to between 65 and 85% of its maximum. The duration of the exercise bout should be at least 20 minutes, and the frequency of 3 to 5 times a week.
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